Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan's dollar economy has grown 16.7 times since 2000, from US$18.3 billion to US$306.2 billion in 2025, lifting it from 72nd to 50th in the world. It held that 50th place last year, between Finland and Nigeria.

Real growth ran at +6.5%, ahead of the +5.1% rise in US$ GDP. Services account for 57.7% of output and industry 32.3%, with manufacturing at 12.7% and agriculture 3.7%. Inflation stood at 11.4% and unemployment at 4.8%, while government gross debt is 24.3% of GDP.

GDP per capita of US$14,692 ranks 74th, but Kazakhstan ranks 15 places higher on a PPP basis, at 59th, because local prices are low. With 20.8 million people, the economy is about the size of Kentucky. The IMF projects GDP of US$518.2 billion by 2030, a +69% rise that would lift it to 44th.