United Kingdom

The United Kingdom climbed 1 place to 5th in the world, though the dollar gain behind it was mostly exchange-rate and price effects rather than output. US$ GDP rose 8.3% to US$4.00 trillion, while real growth ran at +1.4%. That leaves the British economy sitting between Japan, 4th, and India, 6th, and about the size of California.

Services generate 73.1% of output, industry 16.5% and agriculture 0.6%, with manufacturing at 7.7%. Inflation stood at 3.9% and unemployment at 4.8%, while government gross debt reached 102.1% of GDP. GDP per capita of US$57,602 ranks 20th, but the PPP measure slips to 30th. The long view shows a lower ranking: the UK stood 4th in 2000, when its economy measured US$1.67 trillion, and has grown 2.4 times in dollar terms since. The IMF projects GDP of US$5.18 trillion by 2030, a +29% rise that would keep it 5th.